Global burden of traumatic brain and spinal cord injury.
Lancet Neurol. 2019; 18: 24-25
Emerging therapies for acute traumatic spinal cord injury.
CMAJ. 2013; 185: 485-492
Review of the secondary injury theory of acute spinal cord trauma with emphasis on vascular mechanisms.
J Neurosurg. 1991; 75: 15-26
Traumatic spinal cord injury.
Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017; 317018
Meta-analysis of pre-clinical studies of early decompression in acute spinal cord injury: a battle of time and pressure.
PLoS One. 2013; 8e72659
Current practice in the timing of surgical intervention in spinal cord injury.
Spine. 2010; 35: S166-S173
The effects of the timing of spinal surgery after traumatic spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Neurotrauma. 2013; 30: 1781-1794
Timing of decompression in patients with acute spinal cord injury: a systematic review.
Global Spine J. 2017; 7: 95S-115S
Early surgery for traumatic spinal cord injury: where are we now?.
Global Spine J. 2020; 10: 84S-91S
A clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with acute spinal cord injury and central cord syndrome: recommendations on the timing (≤24 hours versus >24 hours) of decompressive surgery.
Global Spine J. 2017; 7: 195S-202S
Timing of surgery in traumatic spinal cord injury: a national, multidisciplinary survey.
Eur Spine J. 2018; 27: 1831-1838
North American clinical trials network for the treatment of spinal cord injury: goals and progress.
J Neurosurg Spine. 2012; 17: 6-10
Early versus delayed decompression for traumatic cervical spinal cord injury: results of the Surgical Timing in Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study (STASCIS).
PLoS One. 2012; 7e32037
The Sygen multicenter acute spinal cord injury study.
Spine. 2001; 26: S87-S98
Administration of methylprednisolone for 24 or 48 hours or tirilazad mesylate for 48 hours in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. results of the third national acute spinal cord injury randomized controlled trial. National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study.
JAMA. 1997; 277: 1597-1604
The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses.
Date: 2019
Date accessed: August 8, 2020
International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (revised 2011).
J Spinal Cord Med. 2011; 34: 535-546
Late neurologic recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004; 85: 1811-1817
A clinical prediction rule for ambulation outcomes after traumatic spinal cord injury: a longitudinal cohort study.
Lancet. 2011; 377: 1004-1010
A clinical prediction model for long-term functional outcome after traumatic spinal cord injury based on acute clinical and imaging factors.
J Neurotrauma. 2012; 29: 2263-2271
Understanding and preventing loss to follow-up: experiences from the spinal cord injury model systems.
Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2018; 24: 97-109
Meta-analysis in clinical trials.
Control Clin Trials. 1986; 7: 177-188
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses.
BMJ. 2003; 327: 557-560
Effects on age on spinal cord lesion patients’ rehabilitation.
Spinal Cord. 2003; 41: 457-464
Regression modeling strategies: with applications to linear models, logistic and ordinal regression, and survival analysis.
Springer International Publishing,
Switzerland2015
The urgency of surgical decompression in acute central cord injuries with spondylosis and without instability.
Spine. 2010; 35: S180-S186
Early versus late surgical decompression for traumatic thoracic/thoracolumbar (T1-L1) spinal cord injured patients. Primary results of a randomized controlled trial at one year follow-up.
Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2014; 19: 183-191
Early versus late surgery for traumatic spinal cord injury: the results of a prospective Canadian cohort study.
Spinal Cord. 2012; 50: 840-843
The influence of time from injury to surgery on motor recovery and length of hospital stay in acute traumatic spinal cord injury: an observational Canadian cohort study.
J Neurotrauma. 2015; 32: 645-654
A clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with acute spinal cord injury: recommendations on the use of methylprednisolone sodium succinate.
Global Spine J. 2017; 7: 203S-211S
Targeting recovery: priorities of the spinal cord-injured population.
J Neurotrauma. 2004; 21: 1371-1383
Considerations and recommendations for selection and utilization of upper extremity clinical outcome assessments in human spinal cord injury trials.
Spinal Cord. 2018; 56: 414-425
Outcomes following traumatic spinal cord injury: clinical practice guidelines for health-care professionals.
J Spinal Cord Med. 2000; 23: 289-316
The health and life priorities of individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic review.
J Neurotrauma. 2012; 29: 1548-1555
Neurological recovery after traumatic cervical spinal cord injury is superior if surgical decompression and instrumented fusion are performed within 8 hours versus 8 to 24 hours after injury: a single center experience.
J Neurotrauma. 2015; 32: 1385-1392
Early decompression (< 8 h) after traumatic cervical spinal cord injury improves functional outcome as assessed by spinal cord independence measure after one year.
J Neurotrauma. 2016; 33: 1658-1666
Ultra-early (<12 hours) surgery correlates with higher rate of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale conversion after cervical spinal cord injury.
Neurosurgery. 2019; 85: 199-203
Window of opportunity for surgical decompression in patients with acute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury.
J Neurosurg Spine. 2020; 32: 633-780
Neurologic outcome of early versus late surgery for cervical spinal cord injury.
Spine. 1997; 22: 2609-2613
Outcomes of early surgical management versus late or no surgical intervention after acute spinal cord injury.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004; 85: 1818-1825
The timing of surgical intervention in the treatment of spinal cord injury: a systematic review of recent clinical evidence.
Spine. 2006; 31 (discussion S36.): S28-S35
Time is brain-quantified.
Stroke. 2006; 37: 263-266
Time is spine: a review of translational advances in spinal cord injury.
J Neurosurg Spine. 2018; 30: 1-18
The pre-hospital epidemiology and management of spinal cord injuries in New South Wales: 2004–2008.
Injury. 2012; 43: 480-485
Process benchmarking appraisal of surgical decompression of spinal cord following traumatic cervical spinal cord injury: opportunities to reduce delays in surgical management.
J Neurotrauma. 2013; 30: 487-491
Defining the pathway to definitive care and surgical decompression after traumatic spinal cord injury: results of a Canadian population-based cohort study.
J Neurotrauma. 2016; 33: 963-971
Early decompression following cervical spinal cord injury: examining the process of care from accident scene to surgery.
J Neurotrauma. 2016; 33: 1161-1169
An analysis of ideal and actual time to surgery after traumatic spinal cord injury in Canada.
Spinal Cord. 2017; 55: 618-623
Effect of older age on treatment decisions and outcomes among patients with traumatic spinal cord injury.
CMAJ. 2015; 187: 873-880
Current use and timing of spinal surgery for management of acute spinal surgery for management of acute spinal cord injury in North America: results of a retrospective multicenter study.
J Neurosurg. 1999; 91: 12-18
Prehospital triage to primary stroke centers and rate of stroke thrombolysis.
JAMA Neurol. 2013; 70: 1126-1132
Traumatic spinal cord injury in the United States, 1993–2012.
JAMA. 2015; 313: 2236-2243
Global prevalence and incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury.
Clin Epidemiol. 2014; 6: 309-331
Extent of spinal cord decompression in motor complete (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale grades A and B) traumatic spinal cord injury patients: post-operative magnetic resonance imaging analysis of standard operative approaches.
J Neurotrauma. 2019; 36: 862-876
Spinal cord perfusion pressure predicts neurologic recovery in acute spinal cord injury.
Neurology. 2017; 89: 1660-1667
Monitoring of spinal cord perfusion pressure in acute spinal cord injury: initial findings of the Injured Spinal Cord Pressure Evaluation Study*.
Crit Care Med. 2014; 42: 646-655
Expansion duroplasty improves intraspinal pressure, spinal cord perfusion pressure, and vascular pressure reactivity index in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury: Injured Spinal Cord Pressure Evaluation Study.
J Neurotrauma. 2015; 32: 865-874







